Climatology

Enrollment in the third study year.

Climate system (CS) components, interactions, positive and negative feedbacks. Concepts of energy and mass balances in CS.

Radiative transfer and climate. Global energy balance. Latitudinal heat transport. The surface energy budget. Carbon Cycle of the Atmosphere, Ocean and Biosphere.

The hydrologic cycle. The role of clouds in climate. Observed mean state of the ocean : temperature, salinity, density and currents. The Oceanic Circulation and Climate. The Atmospheric General Circulation and patterns of climate.

Synoptic climatology and climate cycles: El Nino (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation, PDO, AMO and their periods.

Paleoclimatology. Evolution of Earth s climate. Natural causes of climate change. The Human Role in Earth System Processes.

Climate models. Global Climate models, regional Climate models and their evaluation. Simple models of the greenhouse effect. Climate Sensitivity and radiative forcing.

Climatography. Climate observations and records. Climate types, classification. Climate of Slovenia.

Applied climatology. Bioclimatology. Urban climatology.

Climate change (basics, trends, projections, mitigation and adaptiation)

Dennis L. Hartmann: Global Physical Climatology. Academic Press, 1994, 411 pp., ISBN 0-12- 328530-5.
William F. Ruddiman: Earth's Climate: Past and Future. W.H. Freeman Company. 2008, 388 s. ISBN- 10:0-7167-8490-4

Understanding of Earth climate system and physical factors that influence global and regional climate and climate change.
Knowledge of approaches to model processes that influence the planetary climate, including processes in atmosphere, cryosphere, oceans, land, biosphere and interactions among them

Knowledge and understanding: deeper understanding of physical factors that influence the planetary and regional climate and climate change, and their descriptions in the models.

Applicability: The use of basic physical laws and simple climate models to understand climate processes.

Reflection: Interactions between atmosphere, oceans, land, cryosphere and biosphere and their description by physical laws.

Lectures, tutorials, seminars using information on state of the climate from different sources

Problem-solving homeworks and final problem to solve in R or Phyton with report.
Seminar presentation, theoretical examination.
Grades: 5 (fail), 6-10 (pass) (in agreement with the Statutes of the University of Ljubljana)

Tjaša Pogačar:

1. ŽNIDARŠIČ, Zala, GREGORIČ, Gregor, SUŠNIK, Andreja, POGAČAR, Tjaša. Frost risk assessment in Slovenia in the period of 1981–2020. Atmosphere. 2023, vol. 14, iss. 4, 18 str., DOI: 10.3390/atmos14040683

2. POGAČAR, Tjaša, CASANUEVA, Ana, KOZJEK, Katja, CIUHA, Urša, MEKJAVIĆ, Igor B., KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ, Lučka, ČREPINŠEK, Zalika. The effect of hot days on occupational heat stress in the manufacturing industry: implications for workers' well-being and productivity. International journal of biometeorology. 2018, vol. 62, no. 7, str. 1251-1264. ISSN 0020-7128. DOI: 10.1007/s00484-018-1530-6

3. POGAČAR, Tjaša, ZUPANC, Vesna, KAJFEŽ-BOGATAJ, Lučka, ČREPINŠEK, Zalika. Soil temperature analysis for various locations in Slovenia. Italian journal of agrometeorology = : Rivista italiana di agrometeorologia. 2018, vol. 2018, iss. 1, str. 25-34, ilustr. ISSN 2038-5625, DOI: 10.19199/2018.1.2038-5625.025.