Modern Physics 2

Enrollement in the 2nd year, attending course of Modern Physics I.

Crystals: energy bands in crystals, electron in periodic potential. Conductors, isolators, semiconductors. Drude model of electrical conductivity. Doped semiconductor, n- and p-type, acceptors, donors, p-n junction.
Nuclei: building blocks of matter, Rutherford scattering. Size of nuclei, mass of nuclei, composition, binding energy, semi-empirical mass formula, shell model of nuclei. , and  decays, nuclear fission, Uranium fission. Nuclear fusion, Lawson condition.
Particles: charged particles acceleration, cyclotron, synchrotron, basics of cyclic accelerators. Basics of particle detection, determination of momentum, identification. Leptons, quarks, bosons; hadrons, baryons and mesons. Compton wavelength; coupling constants of interactions. Lepton number, baryon number, isospin, strangeness. Baryon octet and decuplet. Quark model of hadrons. Color charge. Weak interaction, parity and charge conjugation operators. C symmetry violation, CP symmetry conservation; CKM matrix. Mixing od neutral mesons.
Astrophysics: Main features of the universe evolution after the Big Bang.

J. Strnad, Fizika IV. DMFA.
M. Rosina, Jedrska fizika. DMFA.
D. Perkins, Introduction to High Energy Physics. Cambridge University Press, 2000.

Goals: Knowledge of main characteristics of crystals, nuclear and particle physics.
Acquired competence: Understanding of interactions among elementary particles and bound states. Capability of elementary problem solving in the field of crystals, nuclear and particle physics. Interconnection of theoretical predictions and measurements. Critical evaluation of results in these fields.

Knowledge and understanding:
Basic knowledge of crystals, nuclear and particle physics. Knowledge and understanding of the elementary particle interactions. Capability of relating the theory predictions and measurements.

Application:
Understanding of particle interactions and relation of those with nuclei, the effect of those to the universe evolution. Basic principles of detection.

Reflection:
Critical evaluation of theoretical predictions using results of measurements.

Transferable skills:
Transition from basic physics laws to elementary properties of crystals, nuclei and particles, usage of knowledge in medicine and technology.

Lectures, numerical exercices and consultations.

2 tests on numerical exercises or a written examination
Oral or written theory examination.
grading: 5 (fail), 6-10 (pass) (according to the Statute of UL)

Peter Križan:

1. Belle Collaboration, LIN, S.-W., BITENC, Urban, BRAČKO, Marko, FRATINA, Saša, GOLOB, Boštjan, KORPAR, Samo, KRIŽAN, Peter, PESTOTNIK, Rok, STANIČ, Samo, STARIČ, Marko, ZUPANC, Anže. Difference in direct chargeparity violation between charged and neutral B meson decays. Nature (Lond.), 2008, vol. 452, str. 332-335. [COBISS-SI-ID 21553703]

2. Belle Collaboration, STARIČ, Marko, GOLOB, Boštjan, BITENC, Urban, BRAČKO, Marko, FRATINA, Saša, GORIŠEK, Andrej, KORPAR, Samo, KRIŽAN, Peter, PESTOTNIK, Rok, STANIČ, Samo, ZUPANC, Anže. Evidence for D[sup]0 - (D[bar])[sup]0 mixing. Phys. rev. lett., 2007, vol. 98, no. 21, str. 211803-1-211803-6, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.211803. [COBISS-SI-ID 20795943], [JCR, WoS do 13. 2. 2013: št. citatov (TC): 109, čistih citatov (CI): 98, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 39, Scopus do 15. 1. 2013: št. citatov (TC): 131, čistih citatov (CI): 123, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 49]

3. Belle Collaboration, KO, B. R., BRAČKO, Marko, GOLOB, Boštjan, KORPAR, Samo, KRIŽAN, Peter, PESTOTNIK, Rok, PETRIČ, Marko, SMERKOL, Peter, STANIČ, Samo, STARIČ, Marko, ZUPANC, Anže. Evidence for CP violation in the decay D[sup]+ [to] K[sup]0[sub]S [pi][sup]+. Phys. rev. lett., 2012, vol. 109, no. 2, str. 021601-1-021601-6, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.109.021601. [COBISS-SI-ID 25990183]

Borut Paul Keršecan:

1. ATLAS Collaboration, CINDRO, Vladimir, DELIYERGIYEV, Maksym, DOLENC, Irena, FILIPČIČ, Andrej, FRATINA, Saša, GORIŠEK, Andrej, KERŠEVAN, Borut Paul, KRAMBERGER, Gregor, MAČEK, Boštjan, MANDIĆ, Igor, MIJOVIĆ, Liza, MIKUŽ, Marko, TYKHONOV, Andrii, et al., ATLAS Collaboration. Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Physics letters. Section B. [Print ed.]. 2012, vol. 716, no. 1, str. 1-29. ISSN 0370-2693. DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2012.08.020. [COBISS-SI-ID 26060071]

2. ATLAS Collaboration, CINDRO, Vladimir, DELIYERGIYEV, Maksym, DOLENC, Irena, FILIPČIČ, Andrej, FRATINA, Saša, GORIŠEK, Andrej, KERŠEVAN, Borut Paul, KRAMBERGER, Gregor, MAČEK, Boštjan, MANDIĆ, Igor, MIJOVIĆ, Liza, MIKUŽ, Marko, TYKHONOV, Andrii, et al., ATLAS Collaboration. A particle consistent with the Higgs boson observed with the ATLAS detector at the large hadron collider. Science. 2012, vol. 338, no. 6114, str. 1576-1582. ISSN 0036-8075. DOI: 10.1126/science.1232005. [COBISS-SI-ID 26464551]

3. ATLAS Collaboration, CINDRO, Vladimir, FILIPČIČ, Andrej, GORIŠEK, Andrej, HITI, Bojan, KERŠEVAN, Borut Paul, KRAMBERGER, Gregor, MAČEK, Boštjan, MANDIĆ, Igor, MIJOVIĆ, Liza, MIKUŽ, Marko, MUŠKINJA, Miha, NOVAK, Jakob, NOVAK, Tadej, LEBAN, Blaž, HOWARD, Alissa, et al. A detailed map of Higgs boson interactions by the ATLAS experiment ten years after the discovery. Nature : the international weekly journal of science. [Print ed.]. 2020, vol. 607, str. 52-59. ISSN 0028-0836. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04893-w. [COBISS-SI-ID 134080259]

4. ATLAS Collaboration, CINDRO, Vladimir, FILIPČIČ, Andrej, GORIŠEK, Andrej, HITI, Bojan, KERŠEVAN, Borut Paul, KRAMBERGER, Gregor, MAČEK, Boštjan, MANDIĆ, Igor, MIJOVIĆ, Liza, MIKUŽ, Marko, MUŠKINJA, Miha, NOVAK, Jakob, NOVAK, Tadej, et al., ATLAS Collaboration. Test of the universality of τ and μ lepton couplings in W-boson decays with the ATLAS detector. Nature physics. [Online ed.]. 2021, vol. 17, no. 7, str. 813-818. ISSN 1745-2481. DOI: 10.1038/s41567-021-01236-w. [COBISS-SI-ID 73934339]

Jernej Fesel Kamenik:

1. Svjetlana Fajfer, Jernej F. Kamenik, Ivan Nisandzic, Jure Zupan “Implications of Lepton Flavor Universality Violations in B Decays”, Phys.Rev.Lett. 109 (2012) 161801.

2. Ilja Dorsner, Svjetlana Fajfer, Admir Greljo, Jernej F. Kamenik, Nejc Kosnik “Physics of leptoquarks in precision experiments and at particle colliders”, Phys.Rept. 641 (2016), 1-68.

3. Darius A. Faroughy, Admir Greljo, Jernej F. Kamenik, "Confronting lepton flavor universality violation in B decays with high-pT tau lepton searches at LHC", Phys.Lett.B 764 (2017), 126-134.