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The use of microprocessors

2025/2026
Programme:
Physics, Second Cycle
Orientation:
Physics of elementary particles and nuclei
Year:
2 year
Semester:
first or second
Kind:
optional
ECTS:
5
Language:
slovenian
Lecturer (contact person):
Hours per week – 1. or 2. semester:
Lectures
2
Seminar
0
Tutorial
2
Lab
0
Prerequisites

Enrollment into the program.
Finished course on digital electronics (example: Electronics II, UL FMF Fizika).

Content (Syllabus outline)

Microprocessor basics: inner structure, ALU, memory units, buses, control signals, input/output signals, clock, programming.
Peripheral units and properties: ADC, DAC, counter, DMA, interrupt unit, pulse-width modulation, communication units (UART, SPI, I2C).
Data acquisition: properties of digitized signals, circular buffer, interrupts.
On-line data processing: FIR and IIR filtering, basics of adaptive filtering, amplitude, frequency and phase of digitalized signals, FFT and similar algorithms.

Basics of regulation: PID regulation, stability, implementation in microprocessor
Personal computer and microprocessor: buses, data exchange, programming.
Digital signal processor: building blocks, DSP dedicated hardware.
Basics of programmable logic circuits: FPGA, programming, examples.

Readings

The Scientist and Engineer’s Guide to Digital Signal processing, S.W. Smith, California Technical Publishing
The DSP Handbook, A. Bateman, I. Paterson-Stephens, Prentice Hall
Digital Signal Processing; A practical approach, Emmanuel C. Ifeachor, Prentice Hall/Pearson Education Limited

Objectives and competences

Objectives:
Student gets familiar with the inner structure of contemporary microprocessors and learns on programming of basic algorithms used for digital signal processing.

Competences:
Knowledge and understanding of needs for digital signal processing, overview of contemporary microprocessor building blocks, knowledge of programming and the use of microprocessors.

Intended learning outcomes

Knowledge and understanding:
Practical knowledge in the area of signal acquisition and digital data processing using microprocessors and programmable devices with the accent on on-line processing.

Application:
The knowledge gained can be used as a basis for building data acquisition and processing systems as used in laboratories and industry.

Reflection:
Thoughtful selection of means and procedures for on-line data processing.

Transferable skills:
Signal acquisition and processing, programming, sensors, experimental skills, the use of electronic instruments, digital data exchange.

Learning and teaching methods

Lectures, exercises, homework, consultations

Assessment

grading: 5 (fail), 6-10 (pass) (according to the Statute of UL)
Homework with final report or final written exam
Oral exam

Lecturer's references

doc. dr. D. Ponikvar:
1. D. Ponikvar: Uporaba mikroprocesorjev, študijsko gradivo, http://www.fmf.uni-lj.si/~ponikvar/PDFji/Uporaba%20mikroprocesorjev%208.pdf
2. D. Ponikvar: Experiments: Labview and RS232, študijsko gradivo, http://www.fmf.uni-lj.si/~ponikvar/PDFji/Experiments%20with%20Labview%20and%20RS2321_rev3.pdf
3. D. Ponikvar: STM32F407 – Discovery project, študijsko gradivo, http://www.fmf.uni-lj.si/~ponikvar/STM32f407.htm
4. PONIKVAR, Dušan. Digitalna elektronika za fizike. [Ljubljana: Fakulteta za matematiko in fiziko], 2009. 82 f., ilustr. http://www.fmf.uni-lj.si/~ponikvar/PDFji/elektronika_knjiga_20.pdf. [COBISS-SI-ID 2565732]
5. PONIKVAR, Dušan. A simple subnanosecond light pulser. IEEE trans. nucl. sci., 2012, vol. 59, no. 6, str. 3218-3220. [COBISS-SI-ID 2552420], [JCR]
6. ZAMPIERI, L., ČADEŽ, Andrej, PONIKVAR, Dušan. The Crab pulsar seen with AquEYE at Asiago Cima Ekar observatory. Advances in Space Research. [Online ed.], 2011, let. 47, št. 2, str. 365-369. [COBISS-SI-ID 362881], [WoS do 14. 2. 2013: št. citatov (TC): 2, čistih citatov (CI): 2, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 2, Scopus do 20. 2. 2013: št. citatov (TC): 3, čistih citatov (CI): 3, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 3]
7. PONIKVAR, Dušan. Tools and setups for experiments with AC and rotating magnetic fields. Eur. j. phys., 2010, vol. 31, no. 5, str. 1255-1266, doi: 10.1088/0143-0807/31/5/025. [COBISS-SI-ID 2271076], [JCR, WoS do 2. 11. 2010: št. citatov (TC): 0, čistih citatov (CI): 0, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 0, Scopus do 18. 1. 2011: št. citatov (TC): 0, čistih citatov (CI): 0, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 0]
8. PONIKVAR, Dušan, PLANINŠIČ, Gorazd. Conservation of mechanical and electric energy : simple experimental verification. Eur. j. phys., 2009, vol. 30, no. 1, str. 47-56, doi: 10.1088/1043-0807/30/1/005. [COBISS-SI-ID 2153316], [JCR, WoS do 5. 3. 2009: št. citatov (TC): 0, čistih citatov (CI): 0, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 0, Scopus do 2. 3. 2011: št. citatov (TC): 0, čistih citatov (CI): 0, normirano št. čistih citatov (NC): 0]
9. PONIKVAR, Dušan. A circuit for mains synchronization has two separate outputs for each half-period. EDN, mar. 2013, iss. 3, str. 52-54. [COBISS-SI-ID 2552164], [JCR]
10. PONIKVAR, Dušan. Regulate a 0 to 500V, 10-mA power supply in a different way. EDN, dec. 2012, iss. 18, str. 60-61. [COBISS-SI-ID 2551908], [JCR]